The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages describes what you can do, not what you have studied. That distinction matters: a level is not validated because you finished a textbook, but because you can carry out specific tasks.
A1 — breakthrough
You introduce yourself, ask and understand simple questions, and grasp everyday expressions spoken slowly. Around 60 hours. Enough for a first supervised stay, not enough for any independent administrative step.
A2 — elementary independence
You talk about familiar topics: family, shopping, work, immediate surroundings. Around 60 further hours. This is the point where learning becomes visibly useful day to day.
B1 — threshold
You cope while travelling, describe an event, defend a simple opinion and follow the gist of an everyday conversation. Around 80 more hours. This is the level required for many apprenticeship contracts and several professional recognition procedures.
B2 — vantage
You follow a lecture, argue with nuance and write a clear, detailed text. Around 80 hours again. This is the most common university admission threshold and what employers expect for a skilled position.
Which level to aim for
- Travel or family stay: A2 is more than enough.
- Ausbildung (paid apprenticeship): B1, sometimes B2 depending on the trade.
- Bachelor's or master's taught in German: B2, C1 for the most demanding fields.
- Recognition of a healthcare qualification: B2, often with a specialised language examination.
Why the placement test matters
Many learners overestimate their comprehension and underestimate their speaking. A written and oral test before enrolment avoids two costly mistakes: redoing foundations you already have, or joining a group that is too advanced and dropping out after three weeks.
